Causes of school dropout in ghana pdf

Traditional customs often result in girls being dropped out of school at an early age to help manage the household. Data shows that in most countries, like india, more girls than boys drop out, resulting in a widening. The case study of mbeya, dar es salaam and kilimanjaro r egions in partial fulfillment of requirements for the masters degree of education in administration. The study sought to examine teachers and heads perceptions on the povertyrelated causes of school dropout among girls in rural zimbabwe. Analysis of the data revealed a downward trend in the dropout rates. High school dropouts entering high school is the beginning of a whole new learning experience. Eric ej1118546 the major factors that influence basic. Obiakor, in international encyclopedia of education third edition, 2010. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of school dropout on the lives of the youth in akim tafo community in the east akim municipal in the eastern region.

According to upendranath 15 indian education has been experiencing with high incidence of dropout at middle level 6th to 8th classes and this is more for girls than boys. Braimah and oduro ofori 2005 indicate that parents in ghana are aware of the value of formally. The effect of school dropout on the lives of the youth in akim tafo community. Pdf causes and effects of illegal gold mining galamsey. The issue of school dropout in nigeria in particular has been with us for a very long time. Yet, girl child dropout is a serious problem that affects the national development of zimbabwe specifically and africa in general. Addressing the issue of school dropouts in ghana news ghana. Students who dont complete high school are usually eligible to take ged tests.

The views of all stakeholders of education in the district confirmed that the causes of basic school dropout were mainly poverty related. That is girls who dropout of school are more likely to engage in early sexual activities thereby resulting in teenage pregnancy and also girls who become pregnant at early ages are more likely to drop out of school. Cook and austin ezenne this study sought to determine the root causes of absenteeism. The global extent of bullying has been explicitly acknowledged in the international declarations and treaties directed at protecting children and also adults from all forms of.

Abolishing school fees in africa lessons from ethiopia, ghana, kenya, malawi, and mozambique a publication of the world bank in collaboration with unicef. Specifically in ghana and as in many other african countries, most teenagers are in school. The value of a high school education many students who drop out have personal problems that cause them to leave school, others have financial problems, and some just thought school was just a waste of time. According to 2017 education management information system report, national average dropout rate in primary school is at 48 percent annually. Structural inequality may not only cause early school leaving, but also for, e. Schools and government agencies have made some efforts to deal with these issues. It was also found that teachers attitude, corporal punishment, death and sickness of parents lead to dropouts in schools.

This approach of data analysis involved a manual and systematic procedure in. This article examined the causes of school dropout among ordinary level learners at a resettlement secondary school in zimbabwe, with the aim of suggesting sound measures and solutions thus promoting learner retention in schools. Pdf the major factors that influence basic school dropout in. Whatever economic recovery we have now, its not trickled down. It brings new expectations and responsibilities to each of us.

The metropolis was selected for the study because of. It is one of the biggest challenges in educational reform. Although some stakeholders claimed that poverty was the main cause of school dropout, the significance of. Although zimbabwe is a developing country with a high literacy rate, the girl child dropout. The case of asunafo south district in the brong ahafo region of ghana article pdf available october 2016 with 6,683 reads. In 1999 north eastern had the highest dropout rate of 7. This phenomenon is usually seen in latin america, given that it is a region with high dropout rates. Analysis of the socioeconomic factors that contribute to.

Solving the problem of school dropouts requires a thorough understanding of the factors and mechanisms involved. The study sought to determine the trend of basic school dropout rates in the. School administrators, teachers and parents all fight constantly to reduce the number of dropouts that occur at schools across the nation. Teenage pregnancy means a teenager who is pregnant. Introduction physical and psychological bullying are prevalent in many schools. The national dropout rate has now reached 7 percent. This thesis investigates the nature of student dropout from jss in one district in the country, through four main questions. The paper focuses on patterns of participation, agespecific drop out rates, equity in drop out rates, and the link between over age enrolment and drop out rates. The study sought to determine the trend of basic school dropout rates in the district using enrolment data from 199798 to 20032004 academic years. Devine 1996 found parents low educational attainment, the number of household members and lack of motivation as reasons why students with a low socioeconomic status drop out of school. The case study of mbeya, dar es salaam and kilimanjaro regions in partial fulfillment of requirements for the masters degree of education in administration. Using a qualitative method, this study explores the factors that determine dropout and school. The causes, processes and consequences of student dropout from junior secondary school jss in ghana. Prevalence, risk factors, and remediation strategies by jeremy burrus and richard d.

This paper specifically focused on school dropout among girls in basic schools in ghana. An openended questionnaire was administered to the teacher sample while heads were interviewed. The major factors that influence basic school dropout in rural ghana. It was around 1% in grades 1 and 3 and less than 1% in grades 2 and 4. Causes of dropout among boys and girls from secondary schools. These individuals are clearly not lost causes, and there is value in identifying students at risk of dropping out. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the ghana. Coley 1995 found school related problems such as student disliking school, receiving poor grades among others as school related causes of dropout.

The major factors that influence basic school dropout in rural. Francess dufie azumah and enock baah and john onzaberigu nachinaab, year2019. This study employed both qualitative and quantitative research strategies in analyzing the findings of the. Despite these interventions, drop out from school especially among girls at the basic level it still a problem in ghana.

Causes of high dropouts in ghana have been attributed to a range of factors including lack of books and supplies, poor teaching, lack of teachers, long walking. Pdf the effect of school dropout on the lives of the. A few of the studies in this context have been done on girls dropout outcome based on particular regions and cultures of the world. The effects of teenage pregnancy on the educational.

School persistence and dropout among teenage mothers in. Transitioning from middle school, high school presents more classes, students, and a bigger campus. Povertyrelated causes of school dropout dilemma of the girl. Girls around the world drop out of school for a number of reasons. What are problems that cause students to drop out of school. The focus of this paper was to assess the trend of basic school dropout in amansie west, a predominantly rural district in ghana and to further determine the main causes and policy implications of the phenomenon in the district. However, specific dropout causes reported by students from several nationally representative studies have never been examined together, which, if done, could lead to a better understanding of the dropout problem. Conditions within the school as factors in the dropout. In this paper, we identify the factors and illustrate a conceptual model for girls dropout from school.

The situation is quite similar in tanzania, according to basic education statistic in tanzania report best, 2011, in the year 2007 a total of 448,448 students joined secondary school but it was only a total of. A sample of 40 randomly selected teachers and five heads from schools participated in the study. Understanding the root causes of school dropouts is essential so that the measures educators take are effective. The study covers basic school dropouts, their parents, head teachers and administrators of the ghana. Cook and austin ezenne this study sought to determine the root causes of absenteeism in selected primary schools in jamaica by investigating the influence of personal, educational, and community factors on student absenteeism from school. Rumberger, 1994, this paper does not aim to fully summarize the dropout literature. Ghana has the problem of school dropouts despite the governments efforts to lower the problem.

In pakistan there are so many children who leave the schools. Factors influencing students absenteeism in primary schools in jamaica perspectives of community members loraine d. Pdf the effect of school dropout on the lives of the youth. Reports on the state of education in ghana by akyeampong et al. Trinidad and tobago dropout rates in primary schools are 1. The paper outlines the main causes of drop out and provides two country case studies, ghana and tanzania. They revealed that poverty, child labour, teenage pregnancy and distance to school. This paper examines the causes and effects of rural girl child dropouts in zimbabwean secondary schools, using. Nairobi county that includes kasarani district which is the centre of this study had a dropout rate of 7. Aim of the study the aim of this study is to present the causes of student absenteeism and school. The study covered school dropouts at the basic school, i. Ghana demographic and health surveys gdhs 20032008 executive summary introduction the steady expansion of educational opportunity in the developing world in recent decades represents a significant public policy accomplishment. However, it can be difficult to fight a problem that society may not understand. As girls enter into adolescence the presence of appropriate bathroom facilities and clean water become even more critical to their ability to stay in school.

The high female dropout rate in basic education is the result of a number of factors, including cultural practices such as early marriage, sexual activity, teenage pregnancy and child trafficking. Books and recently the free school uniforms for pupils in basic schools among others. Top institute for evidence based education research, maastricht university, kapoenstraat 2, 6200 ml maastricht. This has a lot of negetive effects on the individual who has to drop out. However, the number of people who do not complete high school. The school dropout it is the phenomenon in which the student stops attending the classrooms and stays out of the educational system without receiving a school diploma. It has been argued by several authors that school dropout is a cause as well as an effect of teenage pregnancy. Although vast studies have researched the causes of dropout in general, not much is known about the determinants of dropout and school persistence among teenage mothers. The study was done in response to high dropout rates and poor academic performance of children in. The goal of this paper is to assess the major factors that influence basic school dropout in rural ghana. Factors influencing rural female pupils drop out from. The choice of zimbabwe and, in particular chadzamira secondary school, is not accidental. According to georgetown universitys the college payoff, high school. To establish the major causes of school dropouts, this paper investigated different factors that explain the phenomena with special focus on artisanal mining areas of nyarugusu village, geita region, tanzania.

List of books and articles about school dropouts online. According to a 2002 national survey in peru inter press service, 2012, 26% of 12 to 17 year old teenage girls from rural areas dropout of school, while the dropout rate for boys stands at 18%. Abolishing school fees in africa lessons from ethiopia, ghana, kenya, malawi, and mozambique. May 05, 2016 girls around the world drop out of school for a number of reasons. Statement of the problem the problem of this study was to determine factors influencing young malawian females between the ages of six to eighteen to drop out of primary school in rural areas. This is becoming a very common problem throughout our nation. This background paper for the unesco gmr team draws on a range of resources to provide a synthesis on drop out. According to the united nations childrens fund unicef, school dropouts have some main causes. It is intended to be prac tical and easy for teachers and school leaders to use. Perceptions from other stakeholders like heads, parents, education inspectors and pupils themselves were not used for this. In view of the increasing cost of education the persistent phenomenon of school dropout has become a constant worry to all stakeholders. Despite open access to both primary and junior secondary school jss, nonenrolment and dropout have been countrywide problems in ghana. High school students and college students drop out of school for many reasons, but a few core problems can be the catalyst behind their decision. The universities of education at winneba and cape coast, ghana.

Research on school dropout extends from early 20thcentury pioneers until now, marking trends of causes and prevention. A case study of senior high school students in ghana 1. Based on this backdrop, the study sought to ascertain the major influencing factors affecting basic school dropout in rural ghana, asunafo south district of ghana, a critical study of the asunafo south district in the brong ahafo region. Moess, 2007, 2008 confirm the reality of school dropout in ghanas basic school system. The causes, processes and consequences of student dropout.

She left the city life to make a difference in the lives of the children that need it most. School dropout has drawn attention because of these and other negative outcomes. In its simplest meaning school dropout is the untimely withdrawal from school. This guide synthesizes the best publicly available research and shares practices that are supported by evidence.

The major factors that influence basic school dropout in. From grades 5 to 8 the dropout rate was minimal, ranging between 2% and 4%. The paper focuses on patterns of participation, agespecific drop out rates, equity in drop out rates, and the link between over age. School dropout and school completion have been burning issues confronting general and special educators and school leaders for a long time. School dropout rates represent an important statistic to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of educational policy, as well as the performance of individual schools. The two chiefs said they are failing to enforce community by laws because many parents and guardians blast the community leaders when pressurized to send their children to school. The researcher delimited the study to the analysis of causes of indiscipline amongst secondary school pupils in nyanga district of manicaland province in eastern zimbabwe. The research brought out some retrospective features of the school dropouts and of course, the prospective aspects as well. Child migration and dropping out of basic school in ghana. Distinguishing selection from causation by gary allen sweeten thesis submitted to the faculty of the graduate school of the university of maryland, college park in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of master of arts 2004 advisory committee. The overall dropout rate from the school system from grades 1 to 11 was 4%.

In primary schools in jamaica perspectives of community members loraine d. Understanding why students drop out of high school. The students who dropout and withdraw from school prematurely end up not obtaining any certificate of graduation. Children in ghana face a number of obstacles that prevent their full participation in society. The case of asunafo south district in the brong ahafo region of. Nevada has the worst high school dropout rate in the nation and ranks 33rd in the nation overall, since 2000, the state has seen an increase in the percentage. If we can reach these students before they drop out and intervene. The study covers basic school dropouts, their parents, head teachers and administrators of the ghana education service more. It can be seen in figure 1 that the dropout rate before grade 9 was extremely low.